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Publishing Year : 2025

June To August
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Female child labor remains a significant socio-economic challenge in Eastern Uttar Pradesh (UP), driven by poverty, lack of education, gender discrimination, and socio-cultural norms. This research paper aims to analyze the extent, causes, and impact of female child labor in the region using primary data collected through surveys and interviews, complemented by secondary data from Government reports, NGOs, and academic sources. Findings indicate that a high percentage of female children are engaged in hazardous and non-hazardous labor, often at the expense of their education and well-being. The study highlights the role of economic distress, ineffective law enforcement, and societal attitudes in perpetuating this issue. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for eradicating female child labor, emphasizing the need for stronger enforcement mechanisms, community-based interventions, and educational reforms.

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Female child labor, Poverty, Education, Socio-economic factors, Gender discrimination.

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  1. Census of India (2011, 2021). Government of India.

2. International Labour Organization (ILO) (2022). “Global Estimates on Child Labour.”
3. Ministry of Labour and Employment, India (2023). “State of Child Labour in India: Annual Report.”
4. UNICEF India (2023). “Child Labour and Education: A Study on India’s Rural Sector.”
5. CRY (Child Rights and You) (2024). “Hidden Workforce: Female Child Labor in India.”

June To August
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गोदना कला शरीर पर गोदने का एक रूप है जिसका प्रयोग छत्तीसगढ़ की जनजातियों द्वारा अपने श्रृंगार के लिए व्यापक रूप से किया जाता है। जनजातीय समाज में टैटू बनाना भारत की सदियों पुरानी परंपरा है। भारत में टैटू को गोदना के नाम से जाना जाता है। यह मुख्य रूप से आदिवासी जनजातियों में देखने को मिलता है। छत्तीसगढ़ के अबूझमारिया, बैगा, हिल कोरवा, भारिया और सहरिया जनजातियों में मुख्य रूप से यह देखने को मिलता है। विभिन्न प्रकार के टैटू पैटर्न पहचान चिन्हों के रूप में कार्य करते हैं जो एक व्यक्ति को दूसरे व्यक्ति से, एक जाति को दूसरे जाति समूह से और एक संस्कृति को दूसरे संस्कृति से अलग करते हैं। सरगुजा और रायगढ़ जिलों में रहने वाली उरांव जनजाति की महिलाएं अपने माथे पर तीन रेखाएं गुदवाती हैं। भील महिलाओं के दोनों आंखों के कोण पर विशिष्ट पक्षी जैसा टैटू होता है। यह उन्हें स्थाई रूप से लंबी पलकों वाला रूप आकार देता है। पक्षी और बिच्छू आकृति विशेष रूप से भील लोगों में पाई जाती है। बैगा जनजाति की महिलाओं में उनके माथे के केंद्र में भौंहों के बीच ‘वी’ आकृति का विशिष्ट टैटू होता है। टैटू के कुछ सामान्य और लोकप्रिय पैटर्न आदिवासियों की मुख्य पसंद है। वे फूल और ज्यामिति डिजाइन, घोड़े सवार के साथ हाथी, बिच्छू, मोर और आदिवासी मिथकों को चित्रित करते हैं। सामान्यतः लड़कियों को फूलों का टैटू, जबकि छोटी लड़कियों को चेहरे के विभिन्न स्थानों पर एकल बिंदु या माथे पर घोड़े की नाल जैसा अर्ध चक्र पसंद होता है। बुजुर्ग महिलाएं बिच्छू, हिरण,मोर तथा टखनों, हाथों और कंधों पर फूलों जैसे पैटर्न के टैटू पसंद करती हैं। गोदना कला को शारीरिक अलंकरण का एक आधुनिक तरीका माना जाता है। उनका मानना है कि शरीर पर गोदना कराने से व्यक्ति को समाज के लिए आकर्षक रूप से प्रस्तुत करना है। वर्तमान समय में यह गोदना कला मानव शरीर से हटकर कैनवास और वस्त्रों पर भी देखी जा रही है। गोदना कला का उपयोग परिधान अलंकरण में एक अद्वितीय तरीके से किया जा सकता है। यह आदिवासी संस्कृति का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा है जो महिलाओं के लिए गर्व और पहचान का प्रतीक है। इस कला को वस्त्रों पर प्रिंट, कढ़ाई या सिलाई के माध्यम से शामिल करके एक अनूठा रूप दिया जा सकता है।

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आदिवासी संस्कृति, जनजातीय कला गोदना, महिला, जाति, हॉथ व मशीन कढ़ाई से निर्मित परिधान का अलंकरण.

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  1. Agrawal, G.; Kothari, V.K.; and Koehl, L. (2009) An intelligent system for supporting design of fashion personalized fabrix products, Indian Journal of Fibre & Research & Textile Research, Vol. 34, 258-266.

2. Alam, S; and Kumari, M. (2017) Tribal Heritage Conservation in Jharkhand from and anthropological view point, Indian Journal of Social Research, 58(6), 9 (3-924).
3. Apeagyei, P. R. (2005) The Impact of Image on Emerging Consumers of Fashion, International Journal of Management Cases, 242-251. 
4. Arora, R.; Mathur, R.; and Gupta, V. (2014) Chamba Embroidery: Stitch Analysis of Traditional Technique, Research Journal of Family,Community and Consumer Science, 2(7). 1-11. 
5. Athistam, J.; and Thilagm, C.(2014) A Study on Development and Evolution of Indian Embroidery in Saris, Multidisciplinary Research Journal of Collage, 1(2). 150-156. 
6. Devi, S. (2011) Adoptation of Traditional Embroidery Designs for FabricPainting on Jacket, Master’s Thesis, CCS Haryana, Agriculture University, Hisar, Haryana.
7. Gupta, M. (2016) Hkkjrh; oL= dyk] Rajasthan Hindi Granth Acadamy, Jaipur.
8. Hambly, W.D. (1925) The history of Tattooing and its significance, Dover Publication, Newyork.

June To August
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This paper explores travel as a metaphor for transformation in three literary texts: Tabish Khair’s The Bus Stopped (2004), Geoffrey Chaucer’s General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales (14th century), and Rohinton Mistry’s Such a Long Journey (1991). Across postcolonial India, medieval England, and post-Independence Bombay, the act of travel reveals human diversity, moral complexity, and the fragility of identity. Through narrative structures and character portraits, travel emerges as a powerful site of self-discovery, societal critique, and transformation.

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Postcolonial, post-Independence, human diversity, moral complexity, fragility of identity.

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  1. Chaucer, Geoffrey (2005) The Canterbury Tales: General Prologue, Edited by Jill Mann, Penguin Classics, Londan.

2. Hicks, Kirstan Nord (2010) Travel, Liminality, and Allegory in The Bus Stopped, Journal of Postcolonial Studies, vol. 15, no. 2, p. 17–21, Melbourne, Australia.
3. Khair, Tabish (2004) The Bus Stopped, Picador India, Delhi.
4. Mistry, Rohinton (1991) Such a Long Journey. Faber & Faber, London.
5. Said, Edward W. (1994) Culture and Imperialism. Vintage, Said, Edward W. Culture and Imperialism. Vintage, New York.

June To August
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This study explores the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in accounting for businesses and professions. The study aims to investigate the application of AI in various accounting tasks, including general entries, ledger accounts, trial balance, final accounts, and financial statement analysis. The findings of the study indicate that AI can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of accounting tasks, but its adoption is hindered by several challenges, including lack of awareness, high implementation costs, and concerns about job displacement. The study provides recommendations for accountants, businesses, and policymakers to harness the potential of AI in accounting.

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Artificial Intelligence, Accounting, Business, Profession, Financial Statement Analysis.

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  1. Asatiani, A.; Penttinen, E.; Ritala, P.; & Westerlund, M. (2019) AI-based automation of knowledge zork: The future of accounting, Journal of Business Research, 97, 258-265

2. Contemporary Accounting Research. (2015) Artificial intelligence in accounting: A study of the impact on audit quality, Contemporary Accounting Research, 32(2), 1-10
3. Kanaka, Rakesh; Varma, Kothapalli (2022) Exploring the Impact of Digital Transformation on Business operations and Customer Experience (December 2022), Global Disclosure of Economics and Business, 11(2):103-114
4. Kushal, Babu (2024) A Study on Use of Artificial Intelligence in Accounting and Finance Profession, International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 5, no 5, p. 9568-9574, May 2024
5. Nurul, Afza; Khusaini, Mat Hussin (2024) The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Accounting Profession: A Concept Paper, Business Management and Strategy, (January 2024) 15(1):34
6. Rammohan, R Yallapragada (2011) The Impact Of International Financial Reporting Standards on Accounting Curriculum In The United States, (January 2011)American Journal of Business Education (AJBE) 4(1), https://doi.org/10.19030/ajbe.v4i1.1273
7. Smith, J. (2014) Artificial intelligence in accounting: A review of the literature, Journal of Accounting Education, 32(2), 1–12.

June To August
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This study aimed to investigate the role of the occupational status of fathers on the adjustment of adolescent girl children. It was hypothesized that adolescent girl children of service-class fathers would be better adjusted than those of business-class fathers. A sample was incidentally selected, consisting of 80 adolescent girl children whose fathers were in the service class and 80 adolescent girl children whose fathers were in the business class, drawn from a larger population of average socio-economic status. The Adjustment inventory (Sinha & Singh, 1993) was utilized to determine the adjustment level of the adolescents, while the SES Scale (Ajawani & Verma, 2009) was used to ascertain the socio-economic status of the adolescents’ families. The findings of the study confirmed the stated hypothesis. Adolescent girl children of service-class fathers demonstrated “truly better adjustment” compared to adolescent girl children of business-class fathers.

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Occupational Status, Adolescent, Adjustment.

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  1. Ajawani, J.C.; & Verma, V. (2009) Socio-Economic Status Scale, F.S. Management (I) Pvt. Ltd., Raipur, Chhattisgarh.

2. Botsari, E.M.; & Makri, E. (2003) Maternal employment: Effects on her mental health and children’s functional status, Psychological Studies, 48, 36-46. 
3. Hurlock, E.B. (1978) Child Development, McGraw Hill : International Student Edition, New York, p.542.
4. Nihira, K.; Mink, I.T.; & Meyers, C.E. (1985) Home environment and development of slow-learning adolescents : Reciprocal relations, Developmental Psychology, 21(5), 784-794. 
5. Sinha, A.K.P.; & Singh, R.P. (1993) Adjustment Inventory for School Students (AISS), National Psychological Corporation, Agra. 
6. Symonds, M. (1968) Disadvantaged children growing in a

June To August
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बिहार में कृषि की दशा अत्यंत अस्थिर है और मुख्यतः मानसून पर निर्भर करती है। 2005-06 से 2009-10 के बीच खाद्यान्न उत्पादन में उतार-चढ़ाव देखा गया, जिससे यह स्पष्ट होता है कि कृषि प्रणाली को स्थिर करने के लिए प्रभावी उपायों की आवश्यकता है। सिंचाई व्यवस्था को सुदृढ़ करना इस दिशा में एक महत्वपूर्ण कदम हो सकता है। यह अध्ययन कृषि के वर्तमान स्वरूप, इसकी चुनौतियों और संभावनाओं पर प्रकाश डालता है, जिसमें नीति-निर्माताओं को प्रभावी सुधार रणनीतियॉं अपनाने में सहायता मिल सकती है।

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कृषि प्रणाली, खाद्यान्न उत्पादन, मानसून पर निर्भरता, सिंचाई व्यवस्था, कृषि अस्थिरता, नीति-निर्माण.

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  1. बिहार सरकार (2003), नई औद्योगिक नीति, 2003, पृ. 29।

2. दास, विश्वेश्वर (2006) बिहार की भौतिक अधिसंरचना, नेशनल पब्लिकेशन, नई दिल्ली, पृ. 54।
3. गोस्वामी, विक्रम (2012) आधुनिक कृषि का सिद्धांत, डिसकवरी पब्लिसिंग हाउस, नई दिल्ली, पृ. 57।
4. गोस्वामी, विक्रम (2012) कृषि प्रसार के सिद्धांत, डिसकवरी पब्लिसिंग हाउस, नई दिल्ली, पृ. 17।
5. प्रसाद, बी. के. (2015) बिहार की कृषि संरचना, कुरूक्षेत्र, मार्च 2015, अंक 05, पृ. 20।
6. समान्ता, आर.के. एवं चन्द्रा, एम. जे. (2012) कृषि विज्ञान केन्द्र, दि कैपीसिटी बुइल्डर ऑफ फारमर, बी. आर. पब्लिसिंग, गोण्डा, पृ. 26।

June To August
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The study aimed to examine the influence of parents’ working status and gender on their attitude towards a girl child. Specifically, the researchers hypothesized that parents in households where both individuals are working would exhibit a more favorable attitude towards their girl child compared to families where only the father is employed and the mother remains a homemaker. To investigate this, a sample was selected incidentally, comprising 260 mothers and 260 fathers. The sample was carefully constructed to maintain an equal distribution of parents based on their working status: half from families where both parents worked, and half from families where only the father worked (with the mother being a homemaker). The Attitude towards Girls Child Scale, developed by Dani in 2009, was the instrument used to measure attitudes. The findings of the study confirmed the research hypothesis concerning the role of parents’ occupational status in shaping their attitude towards a girl child. This suggests that the working status of parents is indeed significantly associated with their attitudes towards daughters. However, the study did not find a significant role for the gender of the parents themselves in influencing attitudes towards a girl child. Furthermore, no significant interaction effect between the parents’ gender and their occupational status was observed in relation to their attitude.

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Working Status of Parents, Attitude, Girl Child.

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  1. Aube, J.; & Koestnev, R. (1992). Gender characteristics and adjustment: A longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 485-493.

2. Dani, V. (2009) Attitude Toward Girl Child Test. Unpublished. 
3. Deavx , K. (1993) Commentary, Sorry wrong number a reply to gentiles call, Psychological Science, 4, 125-126. 
4. Sharma, N.; Vaid, S.; & Khalid, C. (2007) Inter-generational attitude (Mother and Daughter). P.G. Department, Home Science University of Jammum, Jammu and Kashmir.

June To August
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This research paper examines the significant themes of life and love in Philip Larkin’s poetry and highlights his depressing and realistic portrayal of human life. The poet depicts love as a transient, frequently unsatisfactory part of life that is characterized by emotional restraint, unmet desire, and disillusionment rather than as an idealized or redeeming force. His portrayal of existence also reveals a profound understanding of routine, loneliness, and death’s inevitable nature. The analysis highlights how his poems emphasize the frailty of life and love by addressing complex emotional and philosophical issues through simple language and everyday imagery. His literary voice, which is both skeptic and introspective, challenges romanticism and instead calls for an examination of life’s constraints and difficulties. This study illustrates how Larkin’s handling of love and life broadens our comprehension of the existential and emotional outlines of contemporary life by placing his writings within the larger context of post-war British poetry.

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Life and love, Realistic portrayal, Philosophical issues, Handling of love, British poetry.

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  1. Larkin, Philip (1988) “Love Songs in Age,” Collected Poems, edited by Anthony Thwaite, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York.

2. Larkin, Philip (1988) An Arundel Tomb, Collected Poems, edited by Anthony Thwaite, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York.
3. Larkin, Philip (1988) “Aubade,” Collected Poems, edited by Anthony Thwaite, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York
4. Homberger, Eric (1977) The Art of the Real, Dent, London, p. 74.
5. NennÝ, Sibel (2020) Alienation in the Poetry of Philip Larkin, The Journal of International Social Research, vol. 13, no. 71, 2020, p. 73–86.
6. Nikhilesh (2022) Critical Assessment of Poetry of Philip Larkin, International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences, vol. 7, no. 6, Nov.–Dec. 2022, p. 200–205.

June To August
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This paper investigates the complex interplay between alkali substances and human physiology, emphasizing the mechanisms governing alkali reactions, their impact on bodily tissues, and the medical ramifications of alkali exposure. Alkali compounds, prevalent in household cleaners and industrial chemicals, possess properties capable of inducing severe harm upon contact with biological substrates. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of alkali reactions and their consequences on human health is imperative for devising effective preventive measures and treatment protocols for alkali-related injuries.

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 Alkali substances, Human body, Chemical burns, Tissue damage, Medical treatment.

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  1. Dries, D. J.; & Endorf, F. W. (2007) Inhalation injury: Epidemiology, pathology, treatment strategies, Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 15(1), 1-9.

2. Guo, R.; Si, H.; Wang, Y.; & Tao, L. (2018) Alkaline chemical burns, Burns & Trauma, 6(1), 1-7.
3. Holger, J. S.; Engebretsen, K. M.; & Han, E. (2014) Chemical burns: A review, Current Trauma Reports, 1(3), 129-137.
4. Jha, N. (2017) Chemical burns, Journal of Nepal Medical Association, 56(209), 295-299.
5. Qu, Z.; Kortschot, R. J.; & Yeo, E. (2017) Alkali-induced hydrolysis of tissue proteins, Biophysical Journal, 112(3), 484a.
6. Rastegar, F.; & Kiafar, B. (2020) Chemical burns: Causes and risk factors, Wounds: A Compendium of Clinical Research and Practice, 32(3), 82-87.

June To August
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स्वामी विवेकानन्द का मानना था कि भारत को पश्चिमी ज्ञान और तकनिक को अपनाना चाहिए, लेकिन उसे अपनी आध्यात्मिक और साहित्यक जड़ांे को नही भूलना चाहिए वे भारतीय और पश्चिमी ज्ञान को मिलाकर एक नयी सभ्यता बनाने की कल्पना करते है। उन्होंने अपनी शिक्षाओं के माध्यम से पश्चिमी दुनिया को भारतीय दर्शन और आध्यात्मिकता से परिचित कराया और पश्यिमी दुनिया को यह बताया कि भारत मे ज्ञान, दर्शन और अध्यात्मिकता का एक समृद्ध इतिहास है। वे एक ऐसी विश्व कि कल्पना करते थे जहाँ पूरब और पश्चिम के बीच समझ और सहयोग हो। स्वामी विवेकानन्द का पश्चिमी सभ्यता के प्रति एक निश्चित दृष्टिकोण था। वे पश्चिमी विज्ञान और तकनीक के पक्षधर थे, लेकिन साथ ही वे पश्चिमी जीवनशैली और मूल्यों कि कुछ नकारात्मक पहलुओं पर भी ध्यान देते थे। वे भारतीय आध्यात्म दर्शन और पश्चिमी ज्ञान को मिलाकर एक बेहतर दुनिया बनाना चाहते थे। 

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अवधारणा, पराधीनता, आत्मगौरव, शंखनाद, आध्यात्मिकता, पाश्चात्य.

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  1. विदेहात्मानंद, स्वामी (1986) स्वामी विवेकानन्द और उनका अवदान, रामकृष्ण मठ, नागपुर, पृ. 60।

2. वही, पृ. 54।
3. ब्रम्हेशानंद, स्वामी (2016) स्वामी विवेकानन्द स्वरूप और संदेश, रामकृष्ण मठ, नागपुर, पृ. 23।
4. विवेकानन्द, स्वामी (2016) मेरी जीवन गाथा, रामकृष्ण मठ, नागपुर, पृ. 26।
5. दिनकर, रामधारी सिंह (1946) संस्कृति के चार अध्याय, साहित्य आकादमी नई दिल्ली पृ. 52।
6. विवेकानन्द, स्वामी (2013) कर्म और उसका रहस्य, रामकृष्ण मठ, नागपुर, पृ. 25।
7. विवेकानन्द, स्वामी (1988) भारत का भविष्य, रामकृष्ण मठ, नागपुर, पृ. 16।
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